Which of the following mechanisms probably contribute to the beneficial effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treating atelectasis?
1. Recruitment of collapsed alveoli
2. Decreased work of breathing
3. Improved distribution of ventilation
4. Increased efficiency of secretion removal
a. 1, 2, and 4 only
b. 2 and 3 only
c. 1 and 4 only
d. 1, 2, 3, and 4
ANS: D
Exactly how CPAP helps resolve atelectasis is unknown. However, the following factors proba-bly contribute to its beneficial effects: (1) the recruitment of collapsed alveoli via an increase in FRC, (2) a decreased work of breathing due to increased compliance or elimination of au-to-positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP), (3) an improved distribution of ventilation through collateral channels (e.g., Kohn pores), and (4) an increase in the efficiency of secretion removal.
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