To observe conditioning, one could ring a bell and squirt lemon juice into Johnny's mouth. By repeating this procedure several times, you could condition Johnny to salivate to the bell. Conditioning will be most rapid if the US follows immediately after the CS. In this example, the US would be

A student takes a drug that distorts perception. He holds up his hand right in front of his face. Horrified he yells, "I have a giant hand!" Most likely the drug interfered with

a. size constancy b. shape constancy c. brightness constancy d. color constancy e. Gestalt constancy

Howard's family is celebrating his ninetieth birthday

Howard, however, is not enjoying the celebration. He wishes everyone would go home and leave him alone to fester in his thoughts of failure about the life he has lived. In which stage of psychosocial development is Howard? a) autonomy vs. shame and doubt b) industry vs. inferiority c) ego integrity vs. despair d) generativity vs. stagnation