Positivist and interpretive paradigms share the assumption that an objective reality exists

A speaker talking about regimentation in the public school system defines education as "what remains after one has forgotten what one has learned in school," quoting Albert Einstein. She is using a

a. definition by etymology. b. definition by authority. c. definition by negation. d. definition by specific examples.

Which of the following statements is an example of a self-affirmation?

a. I don’t blame that girl for saying no, I’m kind of a loser. b. I’m a worthy person, but there’s always room for improvement. c. My sister is so much smarter than I will ever be. d. I barely studied for this test, so I’m going to do poorly.