From a purely economic point of view, discrimination is established if:
a. black teenagers earn more than white teenagers do
b. all factors are earning an amount equivalent to their marginal revenue product.
c. women earn less than men do.
d. equivalent factors earn different payments for equal contributions to output.
d
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Refer to the above figure. Which panel represents what happens in the foreign job market in the short-run when U.S. firms substitute labor outside of the U.S. for labor inside the U.S.?
A) Panel A B) Panel B C) Panel C D) Panel D
Consumer surplus is
A) the total difference between the total amount that consumers actually pay for an item and the total amount that they would have been willing to pay. B) the total difference between the total costs firms incur in producing an item and the utility consumers derive from purchasing the item. C) the total difference between the total amount that consumers would have been willing to pay for an item and the total amount that they actually pay. D) the total difference between the utility consumers derive from purchasing an item and the total costs firms incur in producing the item.