You begin to doze off in class but suddenly come to awareness when your name is called. The brain part responsible for your sudden arousal is the

Which of the following situations best illustrates the placebo effect?

a) You sleep because you are tired. b) You throw up after eating bad meat. c) You have surgery to repair a defective heart valve. d) You drink a nonalcoholic drink and become "intoxicated" because you think it contains alcohol.

Some critics of the violation-of-expectation method

A) believe that it indicates a conscious awareness of physical events rather than a limited understanding. B) argue that wide individual differences in recovery times exist. C) believe that it indicates limited, implicit awareness of physical events rather than conscious understanding. D) argue that it is an inappropriate task to use with very young infants.