Which of the following would be considered an "alternative" treatment?

Joe, Margaret, and Denise are co-workers. Joe produces five widgets and is paid $5. Margaret produces twenty widgets and is paid $20. Denise produces fifty widgets and is paid $50. These workers are being paid according to a(n)________ pay plan.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

The type of learning in which the consequences of behavior are manipulated to increase or decrease the frequency of the behavior, or to shape an entirely new behavior, is _____

a) operant conditioning. b) classical conditioning. c) insight learning. d) social-cognitive learning.