Miranda is questioning whether her upcoming business trip, where she must travel through an area with many mountains, will pose a danger for her. As such, this example illustrates _______________
A) a stress reaction
B) coping
C) primary appraisal
D) secondary appraisal
Answer: C
Rationale: Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman developed a cognitive appraisal theory of stress. According to this theory, the individual first perceives a potential threat and begins the primary appraisal by asking herself, "Is this a threat?"
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Bluma hates making decisions, especially about things she does not like. Her mom wants her to either mow the lawn or clean her room this weekend. This is an example of a(n) ________ conflict
a) avoidance-avoidance b) good-evil c) negative-negative d) approach-approach
Thomas has concluded that, on average, he is academically superior to the peers around him. As a result of this comparison, over the next 6 months, his self-esteem will ________
a) be reliably higher b) be increasingly lower c) remain high unless his view is challenged by contrary evidence d) be high unless friends distance themselves from him