What kind of reasoning is used in the following passage?Alton Elementary School in Washington, D.C., has had great success getting kids to eat vegetables at lunch by allowing them to taste-test different recipes before putting specific vegetables on the menu. If that plan has worked at Alton, it can work at other schools, too.

Research on gestures have supported all of the following conclusions except ______.

a. Individuals need more gestures for explanations than they do for descriptions. b. Speakers use more gestures when describing something from memory than they do when describing something that they can see. c. Speakers paused more when they kept their arms folded than when they could gesture freely. d. Speakers increased their vocal fluency when they were prevented from gesturing while describing objects.

According to Gottman’s research on conflict, nonverbal signs of contempt include ______.

a. eye rolling, parentese, and sarcasm b. arm folding, silence, and smiling c. finger pointing, head shaking, and shoulder shrugging d. gaze avoidance, interrupting, and shouting