Which of the following best describes the meaning of "functional age"?

Trephination is the process whereby

a) a circular instrument was used to cut away sections of the skull in ancient times, possibly in an attempt to release demons from the brain. b) ancient cultures attempted to heal the abnormal behaviors of their peers by inserting metal rods into the skull. c) modern brain surgeons remove certain sections of the skull to alleviate pressure on the brain from injuries caused during warfare d) modern brain surgeons remove sections of the brain to prevent seizures and certain abnormal behaviors.

The processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval are seen as part of the ____________ model of memory

a) information processing b) top-down storage c) classical conditioning d) Tolman's cognitive