Because they have contact with law-breakers on a daily basis, many policemen have a representation of law-breakers constantly activated in their minds. This is an example of

"Kappa" is a measure of interrater reliability that describes

a. the proportion of time raters agree exactly. b. the proportion of agreement beyond chance agreement. c. whether certain diagnoses are used disproportionately. d. whether a clinician is equally accurate with all diagnoses.

Mnemonics are ______

a. inborn memory storage structures b. learned techniques to improve memory c. thoughts that promote proactive interference d. feelings that promote retroactive interference