Which of the following is false regarding the visualization of air bronchograms on the chest film?
a. They indicate fluid in the pleura.
b. They are caused by air-filled airways sur-rounded by consolidation.
c. They are the hallmark of alveolar consoli-dation.
d. They signify airspace disease.
ANS: B
These shadows or opacities often have lucent tubular visible structures running through them that represent air bronchograms. Normally, patent airways are not visible in the outer two thirds of the lung on the chest radiograph. There is no contrast between air in the airway and air in the lung. However, the increased contrast produced by filling of the surrounding alveoli with fluid makes the airways more visible and causes the air bronchogram sign. Air bronchograms are the hallmark of infiltrates that fill alveoli (the so-called airspace disease).
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