Emergency department physician who provided professional direction of emergency medical systems (EMS) emergency care and advanced life support

Pulse contour analysis uses a(n) ____ and other data to derive the cardiac output.

A. arterial catheter B. central venous catheter C. pulmonary arterial pressure waveform D. PCWP waveform

In utero, the ductus arteriosus functions:

A. within the fetal pulmonary circulation as a large vascular network that receives oxygenated blood from the mother. B. by connecting the left pulmonary artery and the aorta and diverting oxygenated blood away from the lungs. C. as a temporary opening between the right and left atria through which maternal oxygenated blood passes. D. by connecting the pulmonary veins directly to the vena cava so that deoxygenated blood can be removed by the mother