If the average total cost and marginal cost are equal at a value of $30 and a quantity of 20,000, then the total cost increases with the production of one more unit

What makes it extremely difficult for cartels to function effectively without government assistance?

A) Cartel members cannot agree among themselves on the optimum price because all have different costs. B) High prices encourage cartel members to offer discounts, and they attract new entrants to the industry. C) Marginal cost will not equal marginal revenue except at output levels beyond the cartel's capacity. D) Public interest considerations usually require an output greater than the cartel's net revenue maximizing output. E) The hostility of the public to price exploitation makes it difficult for the cartel to defend itself against the consequences of popular hostility.

In a change to immigration policy during 2012, "people younger than 30 who came to the United States before the age of 16, pose no criminal or security threat, and were successful students or served in the military can get a two-year deferral from

deportation", Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano said, according to CNN, 06/16/2012. If many of these immigrants had previously been afraid to work, now as a result of being able to work legally A) both the short-run and long-run aggregate supply curves shift rightward. B) only the long-run aggregate supply curve shifts rightward. C) only the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts rightward. D) neither the short-run nor the long-run supply curve shift.