During pressure support ventilation, which of the following ventilatory components are determined by the patient? I. inspiratory time II. tidal volume III. respiratory rate IV. pressure support level
A. I, III only
B. I, II, III only
C. I, II, IV only
D. II, III, IV only
?ANS: B
A. Incorrect response: See explanation B.
B. Correct response: The tidal volume achieved during PSV is established by the patient. The tidal volume will vary from breath-to-breath depending on the magnitude of the patient's inspiratory effort, compliance, resistance, and PSV level. During pressure support ventilation (PSV), patients will determine their own inspiratory time. Because PSV is a purely spontaneous breathing mode, patients also determine their own respiratory rate.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation B.
D. Incorrect response: The pressure support level is set by the therapist when PSV is initiated. Of course, the level of pressure support can be increased or decreased anytime while the patient is in this mode, depending on the need of the patient. PSV is classified as pressure, flow, or volume triggered, pressure limited, and flow cycled.
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