This learning procedure utilizes reinforcement to guide a response in closer and closer approximations to a desired behaviour:

Because dissonance reduction processes are mostly unconscious, people

a. tend to use them as coping strategies. b. often will overestimate how badly negative feedback may affect them. c. usually will put a lot of effort into reducing cognitive dissonance. d. must change their behaviors, not their thoughts, to reduce feelings of dissonance.

Olivia, a sophomore, wants to participate in a soccer tournament. She possesses the physical stamina required for the game. Because her peers consider it a masculine game, she represses her masculine qualities and traits to fit in with her peers. In the context of Carl Jung's psychoanalytic perspective of personality, Olivia represses her

A. anima. B. superego. C. ego. D. animus.