Discuss the trade-offs between giving each process more page frames than it needs (to prevent thrashing) and the resulting fragmentation of main memory.

What will be an ideal response?

Operating systems involve many such trade-offs. Each problem the designer faces
may have a simple solution, but when that solution is analyzed, other problems may appear.
“Every solution has a problem and every problem has a solution!” In this case, if the operating
system allocates extra page frames to a process to avoid thrashing, the problem is that
much of the time the process may not need those page frames, so there is additional main
memory fragmentation. It may be better to let the process thrash occasionally than to give it
an excessive number of page frames.