When an artist works with charcoal, which can be easily erased, what can be done to ensure a permanent bond between the charcoal and the paper?

a. Nothing can be done.
b. The artist needs to choose paper that has a coarse grain.
c. The drawing needs to be framed so that the charcoal cannot be wiped away.
d. The drawing can be sprayed with a fixative.
e. All of these are correct.

d. The drawing can be sprayed with a fixative.

a. Incorrect. Artists can use a fixative that will make the drawing permanent.
b. Incorrect. This will not cause a permanent bond between charcoal and paper.
c. Incorrect. Framing will not ensure a permanent bond.
d. Correct. The artist can spray the drawing with a fixative that will ensure a permanent bond.