If a Vulcan importer has to write a 4,000 Vulcan bucks check to cover a $200 purchase from the United States, the exchange rate is

If the Fed simultaneously reduces the discount rate and the required reserve ratio, the money supply will:

A. remain unchanged. B. contract. C. expand. D. take on a value that cannot be determined from the information given.

If supply and demand both decrease, the new equilibrium price will be ________ and the new equilibrium quantity will be ________.

A. lower; lower B. higher; higher C. lower; uncertain D. uncertain; lower