The discovery of conditioned taste aversion challenged the
A) principle of equipotentiality.
B) belief that temporal contiguity is necessary for conditioning.
C) the engram theory of memory.
D) all of the above
E) both A and B
Answer: E
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Posada et al. (1995) examined mothers and toddlers from China, Columbia, Germany, Israel, Japan, and the United States on what constitutes a securely attached child. How did these mothers describe an "ideally secure" child?
a. in similar ways, particularly in how they viewed themselves as a secure base b. from their mothers' description, Japanese toddlers were more likely to be classified as insecure–avoidant rather than "ideally secure" c. in different ways, as they differed in how they viewed themselves as secure bases d. from their mothers' description, Chinese toddlers were more likely to be classified as insecure–resistant rather than "ideally secure"
Preschool children prefer to play with same-gender peers
a. only when they have been discouraged from playing with opposite-gender peers. b. but will readily comply when parents encourage them to play with opposite-sex peers. c. spontaneously, without adult pressure. d. except when they are engaged in gender-neutral activities such as playing tag.