Which one of the following labor resources will likely have the most inelastic supply schedule in the short run?

Everything else held constant, if the sum of the required reserve ratio and the excess reserve ratio is less than one, a decrease in the currency-checkable deposit ratio will mean

A) an increase in currency in circulation and an increase in the money supply. B) an increase in money supply. C) a decrease in the money supply. D) an increase in currency in circulation but no change in the money supply.

In late 2008, the average risk premium rose because

A) investors feared a revival of inflation. B) large tax increases in the United States reduced corporate profits and led to fears of increased defaults. C) of the financial crisis. D) of fraud in the market for municipal bonds.