In what year was the U.S. Constitution ratified?

Which of the following arguments would most likely be made by an opponent of affirmative action policies?

a. Affirmative action helps to compensate for past discrimination. b. Discrimination is a natural part of the human experience. c. Affirmative action discriminates on the basis of race. d. Diversity helps Americans better understand each other.

Who becomes Acting President if the President becomes disabled?

a. the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court b. the President's Chief of Staff c. the Vice President d. the Speaker of the House