Income inequalities are greatest in

Which of the following reasons helps explain why the aggregate demand curve is downward sloping?

a. The real balances effect or wealth effect: Consumers spend more on goods and services when the price level falls because lower prices increase consumer purchasing power. b. The producer-push effect: At less than full employment, increases in quantity demanded will raise price, and thus will motivate sellers to produce more. c. The hidden inflation effect: As the price level rises, consumers fail to recognize that prices are higher, and consequently they fail to reduce expenditures on goods and services. d. None of the above.

Which of the following helps explain why real GDP is inversely related to the price level within the framework of the AD-AS model?

a. As prices fall, domestic consumers have an incentive to buy more of the cheaper goods and services. b. As prices fall, the monetary authorities will have to increase the money supply, which will lead to an increase in the quantity of goods and services purchased. c. As prices fall, the government will have to reduce taxes, which will lead to an increase in the quantity of goods and services purchased. d. As prices fall, the wealth of people holding the fixed quantity of money increases, causing them to expand their purchases of goods and services.