A wound in which the epidermis is scraped away with minimal bleeding, such as commonly occurs when a child falls on his knees on a sidewalk, is called a(n):

An 80-year-old female with a diagnosis of pneumonia was admitted to the hospital 2 days ago from a nursing home

The patient is responsive only to painful stimuli. She has a peripheral IV and a feeding tube in place. Physical examination reveals: pulse 98 beats/min; respiratory rate 24 breaths/min and shal-low; blood pressure 100/48 mm Hg; and temperature 39.2° C. Auscultation reveals decreased breath sounds with crackles in the bases. The patient has an occasional weak, nonproductive cough. Arterial blood gas on NC 4 L/min is pH 7.42, PaCO2 38 mm Hg, PaO2 40 mm Hg, SaO2 76%, HCO3? 24 mEq/L. A portable chest X-ray shows patchy basilar infiltrates in both lungs. The most appropriate action to take at this time is which of the following? a. Intubate and initiate mechanical ventila-tion. b. Administer a bronchodilator and muco-lytic. c. Initiate noninvasive positive pressure ven-tilation. d. Change the nasal cannula to a nonre-breather mask.

All of the following substances provide energy except one. Which is the exception?

A) Vitamins B) Carbohydrates C) Alcohol D) Protein