During the months prior to the last presidential election, Wynn spent most of his free time at events supporting the republican candidate. He participated in the campaigning, went door to door in support of this candidate,
and fully immersed himself in his goal to have the republican candidate elected. The day before the election he told his wife, "I just know that our candidate is going to win. Everyone says they are going to vote for him!" Wynn is very surprised the next day, however, when his candidate loses. Which of the following tendencies explains why Wynn was so sure his candidate would win?
a. The hindsight bias
b. The false consensus effect
c. The A-not-B error
d. The nature/nurture mistake
Answer: C
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Fred is studying vocabulary for his biomedical class while lying on his bed. At the same time, his roommates and their friends are enthusiastically watching the basketball game on television in the living room. Fred’s recall of the material will likely be best while ____
a. ?seated at a desk in a quiet room b. ?lying down with background noise c. ?outdoors in fresh air and sunshine d. ?lying down in a silent setting
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d. Phillipe Pinel.