How does "formal criticism" approach an artwork?

Which of the following can be described as a rhythmic pattern in which each beat is subdivided into three pulses?

a) 12-bar blues b) shuffle groove c) stop time d) call-and-response

Which type of director attempts to translate the play from the page to the stage as accurately and faithfully as possible?

A) Movie directors B) Theatre directors C) Precise directors D) Interpretive directors E) Creative directors