What is the present value of $100 two years from now at an interest rate of 6%?

The marginal social cost of a chemical is $100 per ton and its marginal private cost is $85 per ton. What is the marginal external cost of the chemical?

What will be an ideal response?

Generally with bond ratings, the higher the rating, the ________ the interest rate an investor will receive and the ________ the risk that the issuer of the bond will default

A) higher; higher B) higher; lower C) lower; higher D) lower; lower