According to Vygotsky, the process of taking external speech and activity and making it internal and mental is called

As children internalize others' expectations and make social comparisons, they

A) form an ideal self that they use to evaluate their real self. B) develop a strong sense of superiority. C) seldom look to people beyond the family for information about themselves. D) experience shame, the negative outcome of middle childhood.

The difficulty of knowing other minds is why the early behaviorists replaced which of the following with more objective measures?

a. introspection b. stimulus control c. conditioning d. response chaining