Discuss the relationship between candidates and their parties today. How has that relationship changed in recent decades? What roles have candidates assumed for themselves? How do they fund their campaigns? In what ways do they remain dependent on the party structure? How do they win the nomination of their party? How have super PACs and 527 groups and similar organizations affected the way in which campaigns are funded?

Iran's attempted annexation of Kuwait in 1990 can be described as

A) a means of restoring to Iraq a province that had been separated by the British after World War II. B) being supported by large-scale demonstrations in Kuwait City. C) a justified undertaking after Hussein reached a diplomatic agreement with Saudi Arabia. D) the most clear-cut case of aggression against an independent state in half a century. E) remaining in effect until George W. Bush initiated the Second Gulf War in 2003.

Which of the following did not happen as a result of the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act?

A. Parties responded by raising even larger amounts of hard money. B. It significantly weakened the parties and allowed interest groups to play a more influential role in elections. C. Soft money donors redirected the contributions to 527 and 501(c) committees. D. There was a significant increase in nonparty independent expenditures in elections.