Distribution error is the difference between the observations from a population and from the sample that represents that population in a study.

According to research cited in the text, people who attempt to control their own environment and make their own choices regarding their impending death:

a. are more likely to become depressed b. have weaker coping skills c. survive longer d. help their friends and relatives grieve more successfully after they die

When two psychologists surveyed 275 freshmen at Cornell University, they found that:

a. most of them had "secret lives" that they never revealed to their parents. b. most of them had confessed at least one rule violation to their parents in the past year. c. the women shared their "private selves" with parents but the men did not. d. only stern and authoritarian parents had adolescents with "secret lives."