Decisions about local products that will be sold in only one country are typically the joint responsibility of corporate and country-level managers, with the latter taking the lead role

A company is part of a keiretsu in Japan. Its leaders are worried about the company's financial viability and ask for help from other members of the keiretsu. Why would other participants of the keiretsu feel the need to aid the failing company?

a. Members of the keiretsu will not feel obligated to help, as they will have members of the company fend for themselves. b. Members of the keiretsu are seen as family, which commands attention and allegiance. c. Members of the keiretsu are legally obligated to aid when members are in need. d. Keiretsu are companies that make a profit from lending money.

According to Wheelwright and Clark, which of the following project types breeds future commercial products, new systems, and novel services?

A) alliances and partnership projects B) breakthrough projects C) derivative projects D) basic research projects