What receives government subsidies that are in place to protect the population rather than for economic reasons?

A doctor charges two different prices for medical services, and the price level depends on the patients' income such that wealthy patients are charged more than poorer ones. This pricing scheme represents a form of

A) first-degree price discrimination. B) second-degree price discrimination. C) third-degree price discrimination. D) pricing at each consumer's reservation price.

Which of the following is a reason behind low standards of living in developing countries?

a. High human and physical capital per worker b. Low human and physical capital per worker c. Low birth rates d. High tax rates e. Low public expenditure