Which of the following is included in the AHFS DI?

A patient with a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding is complaining of weakness and abdominal pain. He informs you that he vomited 5 minutes before you arrived. Which of the following questions is it most important that the EMT ask first regarding the vomit?

A) "Did you eat anything that made you vomit?" B) "Are you allergic to any foods or medications?" C) "Did you take an antacid over the past 24 hours?" D) "Was the vomit red or did it look like coffee grounds?"

Hyperventilation of the brain-injured patient:

A) shunts oxygen away from the brain and may result in decreased cerebral perfusion pressure. B) has clearly demonstrated decreased mortality and morbidity in patients with a severe head injury. C) causes cerebral vasodilation with increased intracranial pressure and should be avoided. D) is only appropriate if the patient is unresponsive and has bilaterally dilated and sluggishly reactive pupils.