A reservation transaction in an airline reservation system makes a reservation on a ?ight, reserves a seat on the plane, issues a ticket, and debits the appropriate credit card account. Assume that one of the integrity constraints of the reservation database is that the number of reservations on each ?ight does not exceed the number of seats on the plane. (Of course, many airlines purposely over-book and so do not use this integrity constraint.) Explain howtransactions running on this system might violate

a. Atomicity
b. Consistency
c. Isolation
d. Durability

a. A passenger makes a reservation and reserves a seat. The transaction records the reservation, but the system crashes before it records the seat reservation.
b. Flight is over-booked (More reservations are made than there are seats on the airplane.)
c. The same seat is given to two people because of a particular interleaving of the reservation transactions.
d. A reservation is made; the system crashes; the system forgets the reservation