The institution ultimately responsible for managing the nation's money supply and coordinating the banking system to ensure a sound economy is called a:

If the public debt increased by the same amount each year during the past three years, then

A) the U.S. government must have operated with the same budget surpluses during the past three years. B) the U.S. government must have experienced budget surpluses that increased by the same amount each of the past three years. C) the U.S. Treasury must have issued securities to fund a flow of government spending that exceeded a flow of tax revenues by the same amount during each of the past three years. D) during each of the past three years, the U.S. Treasury must have bought back the same amount of securities that had previously been issued to cover deficits experienced more than three years ago.

Which of the following contribute to increases in productivity?

a. incentives for innovation b. more physical capital c. an improved education system d. all of the above