Which of the following are typically found in a patient with COPD? 1. Airway inflammation 2. Partially reversible airway obstruction 3. Progressive airway obstruction 4. Restrictive disease
a. 2 and 3 only
b. 1 and 4 only
c. 1, 2, and 3 only
d. 2, 3, and 4 only
ANS: C
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a preventable and treatable disease state char-acterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. The airflow limitation is usually pro-gressive and is associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lungs to noxious parti-cles or gases, primarily caused by cigarette smoking.
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a. not spread to the organ. b. spread to the organ. c. stopped growing. d. originated in another organ.
Treatment of the premature infant with apnea includes which of the following? a. Tactile stimulation b. Caffeine citrate c. Transfusion d. Manage underlying cause
a. 1 and 3 only b. 1, 2, and 4 only c. 3 and 4 only d. 1, 2, 3, and 4