Which of the following can result in a decrease in the demand for I-Pods in the short run?

Educating girls and women should reduce population growth because better-educated girls and women

a. will take better care of their children b. are more likely to practice contraception c. are more likely to want income from working rather than having additional children d. tend to want to spend more on fewer children rather than less on a greater number of children e. all of the above

Largesse and Ginor are major producers of commercial aircraft. Which action indicates that the two firms are colluding?

a. Largesse has a binding contract with its main supplier of raw materials. b. Both firms benefit from economies of scale in their industry. c. Largesse has a binding contract with Ginor to restrict production. d. Both firms earn zero economic profits over the long run.