______ refers to a group’s taking its case to court, filing a lawsuit because it believes the rights of its members have been violated.

The last item in the original draft of the Declaration of Independence focused on

a. taxation. b. representation in parliament c. shipping. d. the quartering of soldiers. e. slavery.

Congress is prohibited from passing __________, which is defined as a criminal law retroactively applied to those who engaged in activities when they were not yet illegal

A) backdoor laws B) fascist laws C) civil subpoenas D) bill of attainder E) ex post facto laws