To make it hard for poor blacks to vote without falling afoul of the Fifteenth Amendment, many southern states required citizens to pay __________, which disproportionately disenfranchised African Americans

The individual largely responsible for the creation of a presidential-parliamentary form of government for France was

A. Charles de Gaulle. B. Jacques Chirac. C. Francois Mitterrand. D. Georges Pompidou.

Which Islamic Empire moved the capital of the caliphate from Mecca to Damascus?

a. Abassid b. Umayyad c. Ottoman d. Safavid