List the four methods of evaluating validity in research. Be sure to define and give an example of each.

What will be an ideal response?

Face validity--the type of validity that exists when an inspection of items used to measure a concept suggests that they are appropriate “on their face” such as a count of the number of drinks people consumed during the past week; content validity--the type of validity that exists when the full range of a concept's meaning is covered by the measure such as the Michigan alcoholism screening test; criterion validity--the type of validity that is established by comparing the scores obtained on the measure being validated to those obtained with more direct measures of the same phenomenon such as a measure of blood-alcohol concentration or a urine test; construct validity--the type of validity that is established by showing that a measure is related to other measures as specified in a theory such as the addiction severity index.