Determine whether the given matrix is stochastic.

Which of the following describes interest groups whose members have only a tenuous connection to the group and only occasionally act as a group?

a. centralized groups b. open groups c. amorphous groups d. factitious groups

One of the major conclusions reached by liberals after World War I was that

a. idealism was not a strong basis for maintaining peace. b. the League of Nations system was fatally flawed. c. the balance-of-power system was fatally flawed. d. the nation-state system was fatally flawed.