The relationship depicted in the above figure is

Which of the following is not a major reason for the decline of unionism in the U.S.?

A. Employment has shifted away from manufacturing towards services B. Management has greatly intensified its opposition to unions C. Consumer demand has shifted toward foreign manufactured goods and away from union-produced domestic goods D. Nonunion firms continue to have poor working conditions

The most efficient method of allocating scarce resources is through:

a. well-placed price controls on high-cost goods and services. b. utilization controls to ensure that demand does not exceed supply. c. competitive markets that allow supply and demand to interact freely to establish equilibrium prices. d. strictly followed budgets that keep spending under control. e. favorable tax treatment on those items that policy makers want to control.