When President Obama took office in January 2009, he pledged to pursue an expansionary fiscal policy to try to pull the economy out of the recession
The next month, Congress passed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, a $840 billion package of ________ that was the largest fiscal policy action in U.S. history.
A) interest rate reductions and increases in the money supply
B) treasury bond purchases and mortgage-backed securities purchases
C) commercial and investment bank bailouts
D) spending increases and tax cuts
D
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The proposed Basel II capital adequacy rules
A) address the incentive banks have to switch from riskier to safer assets. B) avoid the use of statistical rules by relying mostly on "common sense." C) use highly theoretical measures of risk. D) will likely be adopted initially to a handful of large banks with significant international exposure.
An increase in the real interest rate is an example of a
A) pure substitution effect. B) substitution effect and a positive income effect. C) substitution effect and a negative income effect. D) substitution effect and an income effect whose sign depends on whether the consumer is initially a borrower or a lender.