Explain the importance of green computing.

What will be an ideal response?

Answers will vary. The increasing use of computers in our society has created a variety of environmental concerns. The term green computing refers to the use of computers in an environmentally friendly manner. Minimizing the use of natural resources, such as energy and paper, is one aspect of green computing. In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) introduced ENERGY STAR as a voluntary labeling program designed to identify and promote energy-efficient products in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. An ENERGY STAR-qualified computer will use between 30% and 75% less energy, depending on how it is used. Today, the ENERGY STAR label appears on computers, office equipment, residential heating and cooling equipment, major appliances, lighting, home electronics, and more. Eco-labels-environmental performance certifications-are used in other countries as well.?The high cost of electricity has made power consumption and heat generation by computers key concerns for businesses and individuals. Although computers have become more energy efficient, they can still draw quite a bit of power when they are not being used. For example, servers use 60% of their maximum power while idle. In addition, computers, home electronics, and home appliances often draw power even when they are turned off. Consolidating servers can help businesses reduce energy cost; turning off devices and unplugging mobile device chargers when they are not being used can help individuals save power.?In addition to more energy-efficient hardware, alternate power sources are being developed for greener computing. For instance, solar power is a growing alternative for powering electronic devices, including computers and mobile devices. With solar power, solar panels convert sunlight into electricity, which is then stored in an external battery or directly in the battery of a connected device. Solar charging capabilities are being built into a variety of mobile accessories, such as computer and tablet cases and backpacks. Please see the section "Computers and Society" for more information.