Complex behaviors that are innate, fixed, and universal within a species are called:

Compared to the mid-1900s, how is psychotherapy different today?

a. Therapists are less likely to attempt to make a specific diagnosis b. Health insurance pays the cost for a high percentage of clients. c. Therapy concentrates on talk, without use of antidepressants or other drugs. d. Therapy is likely to last for more sessions.

What new aspect of the self­concept influences a child's enthusiasm for reading?

a. The child thinks of himself/herself as a first grader. b. The child thinks of himself/herself as someone who can read. c. The child thinks of himself/herself as loved and valued. d. The child thinks of himself/herself as someone who can ride a two-wheeled bicycle.