Confirmatory reasoning is to disconfirmatory reasoning as ____ is to ____

The discussion of children's metamemory examined research by Roebers and her colleagues. This research asked 5- to 10-year-old children to judge whether they had answered memory questions correctly. The results showed that

a. these children were much more confident about the questions they answered correctly, compared to the questions they answered incorrectly. b. these children were equally confident about the questions they answered correctly and the questions they answered incorrectly. c. these children were overconfident about the questions that they had actually answered incorrectly. d. these children were unable to understand the metamemory task, so the results of this study were inconclusive.

Dominica is trying to spoon soup from a big pot into a bowl, but does not have a ladle. Although a large coffee cup is sitting on the counter in front of her, she does not think of using it to transfer the soup from the pot to her bowl

It is likely that _________________ prevented her from seeing this solution to her problem. FIll in the blank with correct word.