The part of the personality that, according to Freud, impels adolescents to behave in a moral way is the

Which of the following has NOT been identified as a possible explanation for the differences in cognitive performance found among people from diverse cultures when working on Piagetian tasks?

a. The tasks that Piaget developed to assess cognitive development reflected his own opinions about what is and is not a valuable and/or appropriate cognitive activity. b. Biological and genetic differences among different cultural groups account for any differences in cognitive abilities. c. Schooling seems to be related to how children perform on Piagetian tasks. d. The types of cognitive abilities that develop in different cultures are related to what is valued in that culture.

A child's understanding of the spoken or written word is called:

a. receptive language b. productive language c. structural language d. referential language