Horizontal nuclear proliferation is an increase in capabilities of existing nuclear powers

Which of the following led to the emergence of England's first two political parties, the Whigs and the Tories?

A. the threat of annexation by foreign powers B. the feud between the aristocrats and the militia C. Charles I's inability to sustain the confidence of poor peasants D. the split between different warring factions of feudal lords E. the split between rural and urban political intere

Which of the following statements is true of right-to-work laws?

A) These laws have helped reduce the free rider problem for unions. B) These laws ban foreign immigrants from being promoted to high managerial positions in a government organization. C) These laws are followed by 45 states in the United States. D) These laws ban unions from collecting dues from workers whom they represent but who have not joined the union. E) These laws have made it compulsory for workers over the age of 35 to join unions.