More than 80% of American firms are incorporated

In the short run, if the Fed wants to raise the federal funds rate, it

A) instructs large commercial banks to sell government securities in the open market. B) instructs the New York Fed to buy government securities in the open market. C) instructs the New York Fed to sell government securities in the foreign exchange market. D) instructs the New York Fed to sell government securities in the open market. E) tells large commercial banks to raise their interest rates.

Alan Krueger conducted a survey of fans at the 2001 Super Bowl who purchased tickets to the game for $325 or $400. Krueger found that (a) 94 percent of those surveyed would not have paid $3,000 for their tickets, and (b) 92 percent of those surveyed

would not have sold their tickets for $3,000. These results are evidence of A) the high value fans place on watching the Super Bowl in person, rather than on television. B) the failure of consumers to take into account nonmonetary opportunity costs. C) the failure of consumers to ignore sunk costs. D) consumers being overly optimistic about their future behavior.