Tamara realizes that none of the treatments she has undergone in the last year and half have slowed the growth of her cancer. She feels totally exhausted and profoundly sad. Tamara is experiencing which stage of impending death?

The "subway effect," in which if you are waiting at a subway station, one train after another goes by in the opposite direction from where you want to go, is an example of

a. hill-climbing c. the availability heuristic b. creating subgoals d. the representativeness heuristic

Kiaser has average intelligence, persists at challenging tasks, and displays initiative in the face of challenges. Kiaser is demonstrating

A) a social comparison. B) average self-esteem. C) identity achievement. D) achievement motivation.