With respect to psychological measurement, when measures yield data that are consistent or dependable they are referred to as ________,
whereas the term ________ means that measures accurately reflects the variable or quality that they are intended to measure.
a. valid; reliable
b. reliable; valid
c. consistent; reliable
d. reliable or valid; consistent
Answer: b. reliable; valid
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Which of the following is one of the most important protective factors identified in resilience research, enabling adolescents to overcome the risk factors in their lives?
a. being tall and mature looking for their age b. athletic ability c. artistic talent and high scores on measures of creativity d. a caring mentor outside the family
The influence of thought on emotion was studied by assessing athletes' reactions to being among the medal winners in the 1992 Olympics. The results showed that:
a. third-place winners were happier than second-place winners. b. second-place winners were happier than third-place winners. c. there were no significant differences in happiness between third-place and second-place winners. d. second-place winners showed an increase in positive emotions, but third-place winners showed a decrease.